Pharmacy PEBC Practice Exam

In the case of TG, who has sustained an open femur fracture, the selection of appropriate intravenous antibiotic prophylaxis is crucial to prevent infection, particularly osteomyelitis. Open fractures expose the bone and surrounding tissues to potential contaminants, including skin flora and environmental organisms.

Cefazolin is a first-generation cephalosporin that provides effective coverage against gram-positive cocci, particularly Staphylococcus aureus, which is commonly found on the skin and is a significant pathogen in these types of trauma. Gentamicin, an aminoglycoside, offers coverage for gram-negative organisms, complementing the spectrum of Cefazolin and covering potential contaminants or pathogens that could be introduced into the wound during the injury.

Using a combination of Cefazolin and gentamicin provides a broader spectrum of coverage that is often recommended for open fractures, especially when there is a risk for contamination from both skin flora and environmental bacteria. This combination adequately addresses the need for both gram-positive and gram-negative coverage early in the treatment of open fractures.

While other options may provide coverage for specific types of organisms, they do not offer the comprehensive profile needed for the management of open fractures in an emergency setting. The dual approach of Cefazolin and gentamicin