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FD, a 58 year old male with hypertension, asks the pharmacist if cranberry juice would be useful for his current symptoms, which include frequency and a large volume of urine, but no urgency, or painful urination. Further questioning reveals that for the past 2 months he has also experienced polydipsia and polyphagia. The pharmacist should refer FD to his physician because these symptoms are consistent with:

  1. A urinary tract infection.

  2. Prostate hyperplasia.

  3. Diabetes mellitus.

  4. Renal complications of hypertension.

The correct answer is: Diabetes mellitus.

The pharmacist should refer FD to his physician because these symptoms could be indicative of diabetes mellitus, which requires medical attention and treatment. Cranberry juice is not likely to improve FD's symptoms and may not be suitable for his medical condition. Option A (A urinary tract infection) may also present with urinary frequency and increased urine output, but UTI would likely also cause urgency, painful urination, and possible blood in urine, which FD does not have. Option B (Prostate hyperplasia) typically affects older men, but the symptoms associated with it are more similar to FD's symptoms of benign prostate hyperplasia, such as difficulty urinating and weak urine stream. Option D (Renal complications of hypertension) does not explain FD's other symptoms of excessive thirst and hunger, which are not usually associated with hypertension. Moreover, renal complications of hypertension typically involve more severe symptoms