Pharmacy PEBC Practice Exam

What is an essential consideration for drug therapy in elderly patients?

1. They need higher doses due to increased metabolism

2. Polypharmacy increases the risk of adverse effects

3. All medications are safe for elderly patients

4. They require a standard treatment plan

The correct answer is: Polypharmacy increases the risk of adverse effects

In elderly patients, polypharmacy, which refers to the simultaneous use of multiple medications, poses a significant risk for increased adverse effects and drug interactions. As individuals age, they often have multiple chronic health conditions that necessitate treatment, leading to the prescription of several medications. This complexity can heighten the potential for negative side effects, as each additional drug introduces a possibility of interactions with existing medications. Moreover, age-related changes in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics—such as altered absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion—can further complicate drug therapy. Therefore, careful evaluation of each medication's necessity, potential interactions, and the overall medication regimen is crucial for managing elderly patients effectively. The other choices do not accurately reflect the nuances of drug therapy in this population. For instance, assuming that elderly patients require higher doses due to increased metabolism overlooks the reality that their metabolism may actually be decreased. Similarly, stating that all medications are safe for elderly patients is misleading, as many drugs can present unique risks in this demographic. Lastly, employing a standard treatment plan fails to recognize the individuality of patients, as treatment should be tailored to each person's specific health conditions and needs. Thus, understanding the risks associated with polypharmacy is essential for safeguarding